Animal Nutrition Quiz 31 Quiz InstructionsThis quiz consists of 20 multiple-choice questions.You will be awarded 5 marks for each correct answer. Question 1: In horses, sweat loss increases with exercise intensity and can range from 0.25% to 2.00% of body weight. On average, what is the crude protein (CP) content of equine sweat?3.5 g/kg5.2 g/kg7.8 g/kg10.4 g/kg Question 2: While dogs can synthesise taurine in adequate quantities when supplied with sufficient sulfur-containing amino acids, cats have a limited synthetic capacity. According to NRC (2006), what is the recommended dietary taurine allowance for the maintenance of cats?0.15 g/kg DM0.32 g/kg DM0.40 g/kg DM0.55 g/kg DM Question 3: According to NRC (2006) standards, what are the recommended crude protein (CP) allowances for adult maintenance in dogs and cats, respectively, when expressed as g/kg of a diet containing 4,000 kcal/kg DM?80 g/kg DM for dogs and 160 g/kg DM for cats100 g/kg DM for dogs and 200 g/kg DM for cats120 g/kg DM for dogs and 240 g/kg DM for cats150 g/kg DM for dogs and 300 g/kg DM for cats Question 4: Consider the following statements regarding the composition of gain in growing animals:I. At a specific liveweight, smaller animal species are at a more advanced stage of maturity and will lay down more fat in their gain than larger species.II. Within a species, females have a higher mature body weight than males, resulting in less fat and more protein in their gain at a specific weight.III. Animals grown on a high plane of nutrition generally deposit a fatter gain than those on a lower plane of nutrition.Which of these statements are correct?I and II onlyI and III onlyII and III onlyI, II, and III Question 5: Match the following pig types (Column I) with their respective maximum rate of protein retention (Pr_max) and asymptote for protein mass (Pt_max) as defined by the BSAS (2003) model (Column II):Column I:1. Lean and fast-growing type2. Intermediate type3. Commercial typeColumn II:X. Pr_max = 0.120 kg/day, Pt_max = 30 kgY. Pr_max = 0.170 kg/day, Pt_max = 40 kgZ. Pr_max = 0.230 kg/day, Pt_max = 50 kg1-Z, 2-Y, 3-X1-Y, 2-Z, 3-X1-Z, 2-X, 3-Y1-X, 2-Y, 3-Z Question 6: Assertion: The dietary arginine requirement of both dogs and cats should be adjusted upwards by 0.01 to 0.02 g per g of crude protein (CP) above the recommended baselines.Reason: Arginine serves as a key intermediate in the urea cycle, meaning its demand is directly influenced by the level of protein catabolism and urea synthesis.Both Assertion and Reason are true, and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.Both Assertion and Reason are true, but Reason is not the correct explanation of Assertion.Assertion is true, but Reason is false.Assertion is false, but Reason is true. Question 7: According to nutritional standards, the lysine requirement of horses for both maintenance and exercise is calculated as a fixed percentage of which of the following?Total dry matter intake (DMI)Total digestible energy (DE) requirementCrude protein (CP) requirementMetabolic body weight (W^0.75) Question 8: In the CSIRO (2007) system for ruminant feeding standards, how is the "Standard Reference Weight" (SRW) of an animal defined?The birth weight of the animal multiplied by a species-specific scaling factorThe liveweight achieved when skeletal development is complete and the condition score is 3The maximum potential weight of the animal under ad libitum intensive feeding conditionsThe empty body weight minus the gut and bladder contents at puberty Question 9: Using the NRC (2007) equation for predicting the digestible energy (DE) requirement for body weight gain in growing horses:DE (MJ/kg gain) = 8.33 + 5.06x - 0.088x^2where x represents the age of the animal in months, calculate the DE requirement per kg gain for a young horse at exactly 10 months of age.41.5 MJ/kg50.1 MJ/kg56.4 MJ/kg62.3 MJ/kg Question 10: In the AFRC (1993) system for predicting the energy value of gain (EV_g) in cattle, match the animal category (Column I) with the correct adjustment applied to the baseline castrate male equation (Column II):Column I:1. Small breed females2. Large breed bulls3. Medium breed castrate malesColumn II:X. No correction factor (1.00)Y. Reduced by 15% (factor of 0.85)Z. Increased by 15% (factor of 1.15)1-Z, 2-Y, 3-X1-Y, 2-Z, 3-X1-Z, 2-X, 3-Y1-X, 2-Y, 3-Z Question 11: Consider the following statements regarding J. Hammond's "growth waves" concept of animal tissue development:I. Nerve and bone tissues are given priority for nutrients and grow rapidly during early life.II. Adipose tissue has priority for growth immediately after bone tissue, preceding muscle development.III. When animals grow rapidly, these waves of growth overlap, causing fat deposition to begin while muscle growth is still actively progressing.Which of the above statements are correct?I and II onlyI and III onlyII and III onlyI, II, and III Question 12: In the UK BSAS (2003) standards, when calculating the standardised ileal digestible lysine (SIDL) requirement of growing pigs, what assumed percentage values are used for the net lysine content of maintenance protein (NP_m) and retained protein (Pr), respectively?4.3% for maintenance, 7.0% for retention5.8% for maintenance, 7.0% for retention5.8% for maintenance, 8.4% for retention7.0% for maintenance, 8.4% for retention Question 13: According to the allometric growth equation (y = bx^a), how is a body component classified if its growth coefficient (a) is less than unity (< 1)?Late-maturing, because its relative contribution to the whole body is increasing.Early-maturing, because its relative contribution to the whole body is decreasing.Late-maturing, because its relative contribution to the whole body is decreasing.Early-maturing, because its relative contribution to the whole body is increasing. Question 14: Assertion: Feeding standards for growing poultry expressed purely as dietary nutrient concentrations are only valid when applied to a diet of a specific energy concentration.Reason: Growing poultry are typically fed to appetite, and their feed intake is inversely related to the dietary energy concentration.Both Assertion and Reason are true, and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.Both Assertion and Reason are true, but Reason is not the correct explanation of Assertion.Assertion is true, but Reason is false.Assertion is false, but Reason is true. Question 15: Wool fibers consist almost entirely of the protein keratin. Which amino acid is highly concentrated in keratin and synthesised by follicles using the essential amino acid methionine?GlycineCystineLysineArginine Question 16: Match the growing dog or cat stage (Column I) with its respective minimal protein requirement (Column II) under NRC (2006) standards (expressed in g/kg DM of a 4,000 kcal/kg DM diet):Column I:1. Weaned puppies aged 4 to 14 weeks2. Weaned puppies older than 14 weeks3. Growing kittensColumn II:X. 140 g/kg DMY. 180 g/kg DMZ. 225 g/kg DM1-Y, 2-X, 3-Y1-Z, 2-Y, 3-X1-Y, 2-Z, 3-X1-X, 2-Y, 3-Y Question 17: To protect their active cell division and metabolism from large fluctuations in epidermal blood supply, wool follicles store energy in which of the following forms?Glycogen and glutamineTriacylglycerols and aspartatePhosphocreatine and alanineStarch and proline Question 18: Consider the following statements regarding the Metabolisable Protein (MP) system for growing ruminants:I. The efficiency of MP utilisation for body weight gain (NP_g to MP) in both cattle and sheep is assumed to be 0.59.II. In young, rapidly growing animals, microbial protein synthesis in the rumen is always sufficient to satisfy the animal's amino acid requirements.III. In suckled animals, milk protein bypasses the rumen via the oesophageal groove, providing a direct supply of digestible undegradable protein (DUP).Which of the statements are correct?I and II onlyI and III onlyII and III onlyI, II, and III Question 19: For a typical 50 kg Merino sheep producing an annual fleece of 5.0 kg, what percentage of the total fleece weight represents clean, dry wool fibres?40%50%60%70% Question 20: In the NRC (2007) guidelines, the efficiency of protein utilisation (E) used to calculate the crude protein requirement for body weight gain in growing horses varies by age. What is the assumed efficiency (E) for a young horse aged 11–12 months?0.500.450.400.35
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